Anticancer and Antibacterial Activity of Ganoderma lucidum

ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 10 (2016) pp. 891-909 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Ganoderma lucidum is considered as one of the richest sources of natural antibiotics and various species of them inhibit the growth of a wide diversity of micro organisms. The pharmacological activities of Ganoderma lucidum, especially its intrinsic immunomodulating and antitumor properties have been well documented. Ganoderma has been used in the folk medicine of China and Japan for 4,000 years to treat the liver diseases such as Hepatitis, Nephritis, Arthritis, Gastric ulcers. It is also believed that the Ganoderma lucidum acts as an immunological agent and has been as a natural adjuvant for Immunotherapy. Based upon its effective components, this mushroom was selected for studying the anticancer as well as antibacterial study. The present study is to check the anticancer and antibacterial activities of ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extracts of G.lucidum. The dried mushroom sample was powdered and extracted with ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts using Soxhelet apparatus in the laboratory. Vero and Hep G2 liver cancer cell lines were used for determining the cytotoxic and anticancer activity (MTT ASSAY). From the MTT Assay , it was observed that 53.96% of inhibition of cancer cells from the dilution of 15.6 μg/ml in methanolic extracts of G.lucidum, 52.38% of inhibition was obtained from the dilution of 31.2 μg/ml in ethanol extracts of G.lucidum, 50.75% of inhibition was obtained from the dilution of 62.5 μg/ml in aqeous extracts of G.lucidum, It was concluded that the methanolic extracts showed inhibition(IC 50) of 53.96% at the least dilution of 15.6μg/ml, when compared to the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of G.lucidum. For checking the antibacterial activities of G.lucidum, Bacillus thuringiensis, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas flourescens, and E.coli were selected randomly. The methanolic extract of G.lucidum showed about 20mm of zone of inhibition in the Pseudomonas flourescens (MTCC 103) from the dilution of 25 μg/ml and 10mm of zone of inhibition was observed in Escherichia coli, which was isolated from UTI patients from the dilution of 25 μg/ml. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were least effective against all the strains. From these studies the methanolic extracts of Ganoderma lucidum can be fruitfully applied and used as the more effective and competent antimicrobial agent. Thus this edible mushroom can be used as antimicrobial agent in the expansion of new drug therapy for the liver diseases. K e y w o r d s Anticancer, Antibacterial, Ganoderma lucidum, Hep G2, E.coli, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas flourescens. Accepted: 25 September 2016